{"id":269,"date":"2025-12-03T03:06:57","date_gmt":"2025-12-03T03:06:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edk-tech.net\/?p=269"},"modified":"2026-05-11T23:08:58","modified_gmt":"2026-05-11T23:08:58","slug":"osi-model","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/edk-tech.net\/?p=269","title":{"rendered":"OSI Model"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
Layer<\/th>Protocol data unit (PDU)<\/th>Function<\/th>Common Protocols<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Host layers  <\/th>7<\/th>Application<\/td>  Data  <\/td>High-level protocols such as for resource sharing or remote file access, e.g. HTTP.<\/td> DNS, HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, POP, IMAP, SMTP, SNMP<\/td><\/tr>
6<\/th>Presentation<\/td>Translation of data between a networking service and an application; including character encoding, data compression and encryption\/decryption<\/td>MIME, SSL\/TLS, XDR<\/td><\/tr>
5<\/th>Session<\/td>Managing communication sessions, i.e., continuous exchange of information in the form of multiple back-and-forth transmissions between two nodes<\/td> Named pipe, NetBIOS, SAP, PPTP, RTP, SOCKS, X.225, Domain Name Sytem, Remote Procedure Call, Network File System<\/td><\/tr>
4<\/th>Transport<\/td>Segment, Datagram<\/td>Reliable transmission of data segments between points on a network, including segmentation, acknowledgement, and multiplexing<\/td>TCP, UDP, SCTP, DCCP, SPX<\/td><\/tr>
Media layers<\/th>3<\/th>Network<\/td>Packet<\/td>Structuring and managing a multi-node network, including addressing, routing and traffic control<\/td>IP (IPv4<\/a>, IPv6), ICMP, IPsec, IGMP, IPX, IS-IS, AppleTalk, X.25, PLP, RIP<\/td><\/tr>
2<\/th>Datalink<\/td>Frame<\/td>Transmission of data frames between two nodes connected by a physical layer<\/td>ATM, ARP, Synchronous Data Link Control, High-Level Data Link Control, CSLIP, Serial Line Interface Protocol, GFP, PLIP, IEEE 802.2, LLC, MAC, L2TP, IEEE 802.3<\/a>, Frame Relay, ITU-T G.hn DLL, Point-to-Point Protocol, X.25 LAPB, Q.922 Link Access Procedure, STP<\/td><\/tr>
1<\/th>Physical<\/td>Bit, Symbol<\/td>Transmission and reception of raw bit streams over a physical medium<\/td> RS-232, RS-449, ITU-T V-Series, I.430, I.431, PDH, SONET\/SDH, PON, OTN, DSL, IEEE 802.3, IEEE 802.11<\/a>, IEEE 802.15, IEEE 802.16, IEEE 1394, ITU-T G.hn PHY, USB, Bluetooth<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
OSI Model<\/th>Protocol data unit (PDU)<\/th>Protocols<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Layer<\/td>Protocol data unit (PDU)<\/td>Protocols<\/td><\/tr>
Layer 4<\/td>Application<\/td> <\/td>SMTP, FTP, HTTP, DNS, TFTP, RIP, SNMP<\/td><\/tr>
Layer 3<\/td>Transport<\/td>Segment, Datagram<\/td>TCP, UDP<\/td><\/tr>
Layer 2<\/td>Internet<\/td>Packet<\/td>ARP, RARP, IP, IGMP, ICMP<\/td><\/tr>
Layer 1<\/td>Link (Network Access\/ Interface)<\/td>Frame<\/td>Ethernet<\/a>, 802.11 Wireless LAN<\/a>, FRAME RELAY, ATM<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
OSI Model<\/th>Protocol data unit (PDU)<\/th>Protocols<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
OSI Model<\/td>Protocol data unit (PDU)<\/td>Protocols<\/td><\/tr>
Layer 7<\/td>Application<\/td>Data<\/td>DNS, HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, POP, IMAP, SMTP, SNMP<\/td><\/tr>
Layer 6<\/td>Presentation<\/td>Data<\/td>MIME, SSL\/TLS, XDR<\/td><\/tr>
Layer 5<\/td>Session<\/td>Data<\/td>Named pipe, NetBIOS, SAP, PPTP, RTP, SOCKS, X.225, Domain Name System, Remote Procedure Call, Network File System<\/td><\/tr>
Layer 4<\/td>Transport<\/td>Segment, Datagram<\/td>TCP, UDP, SCTP, DCCP, SPX<\/td><\/tr>
Layer 3<\/td>Network<\/td>Packet<\/td>IP (IPv4, IPv6), ICMP, IPsec, IGMP, IPX, IS-IS, AppleTalk, X.25, PLP, RIP<\/td><\/tr>
Layer 2<\/td>Data Link<\/td>Frame<\/td>ATM, ARP, Synchronous Data Link Control, High-Level Data Link Control, CSLIP, Serial Line Interface Protocol, GFP, PLIP, IEEE 802.2, LLC, MAC, L2TP, IEEE 802.3, Frame Relay, ITU-T G.hn DLL, Point-to-Point Protocol, X.25 LAPB, Q.922 Link Access Procedure, STP<\/td><\/tr>
Layer 1<\/td>Physical<\/td>Bit, Symbol<\/td>RS-232, RS-449, ITU-T V-Series, I.430, I.431, PDH, SONET\/SDH, PON, OTN, DSL, IEEE 802.3, IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.15, IEEE 802.16, IEEE 1394, ITU-T G.hn PHY, USB, Bluetooth<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Layer Protocol data unit (PDU) Function Common Protocols Host layers   7 Application   Data   High-level protocols such as for resource sharing or remote file access, e.g. HTTP.  DNS, HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, POP, IMAP, SMTP, SNMP 6 Presentation Translation of data between a networking service and an application; including character encoding, data compression and […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":371,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"pagelayer_contact_templates":[],"_pagelayer_content":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23,32,30],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-269","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-knowledgebase","8":"category-networking","9":"category-system-administration"},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/peQefU-4l","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edk-tech.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/269","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edk-tech.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edk-tech.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edk-tech.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edk-tech.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=269"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/edk-tech.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/269\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1074,"href":"https:\/\/edk-tech.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/269\/revisions\/1074"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edk-tech.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edk-tech.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=269"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edk-tech.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=269"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edk-tech.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=269"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}